The number of prescriptions for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication in England has risen sharply, increasing by 18% year on year since the pandemic, according to new research.
A study conducted by academics from the University of Huddersfield and Aston University, published in BMJ Mental Health, found that ADHD prescriptions rose from about 25 per 1,000 people in 2019/2020 to 41.55 per 1,000 in 2023/24.
Researchers analysed prescribing data for the five licensed ADHD medications across national, regional, and NHS integrated care board levels.
They attributed the rise to growing public awareness, fuelled by discussions on social media platforms such as TikTok and Instagram.
The study noted that online conversations have led more people to seek assessment, diagnosis, and treatment.
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by symptoms including difficulty focusing, disorganisation, and impulsiveness.
However, not all individuals with the condition experience the same symptoms. The NHS has highlighted that ADHD is more frequently diagnosed in boys than girls, as girls are more likely to display inattentiveness rather than disruptive behaviour.
The research also identified significant regional variations in prescription rates. London recorded the highest annual increase at 28%, followed by Southeast England at 19.5%. In contrast, Northeast England and Yorkshire saw the smallest rise at 13%.
The study further revealed a strong correlation between ethnicity, deprivation, and ADHD prescription rates.
Southeast and Northwest England, which have larger white populations, showed higher prescription numbers compared to more diverse areas such as the Midlands and London.
Researchers emphasised that these findings have critical implications for health policy and clinical practice. They called for urgent measures to address regional and socioeconomic disparities in ADHD care access.
The study’s authors welcomed the increase in ADHD treatment but raised concerns over long waiting times for diagnosis and variations in care across different regions.
They also urged social media platforms to implement stricter controls to curb misinformation about ADHD.
