Calls are intensifying for the UK Government to suspend its trade agreement with Israel following the introduction of a controversial new death penalty law in the occupied Palestinian territories.
A coalition of leading humanitarian and human rights organisations, including Oxfam, ActionAid UK, Human Rights Watch and Medical Aid for Palestinians, has urged ministers to take immediate action, warning the legislation represents a serious escalation in human rights concerns.
The law, passed by the Israeli parliament on 30 March, introduces the death penalty within military courts operating in the occupied Palestinian territories. Campaigners argue the measure is discriminatory, as it is expected to apply predominantly to Palestinians, while Israeli citizens and residents are excluded.
Human rights groups have raised alarm over the fairness of these military courts, citing conviction rates of around 96% and longstanding concerns over due process. They also point to reports of poor detention conditions, including allegations of mistreatment and lack of basic protections for detainees.
In a joint letter addressed to the UK Foreign Secretary, the organisations described the legislation as a grave escalation and called for the suspension of the UK–Israel Trade and Partnership Agreement.
They also urged the UK to act on a 2024 advisory opinion issued by the International Court of Justice, including measures to end trade and investment linked to Israeli settlements and to strengthen support for human rights organisations.
Further concern has been expressed over the potential impact on children, as the legislation does not include explicit safeguards for minors. Israel has previously faced criticism from the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child over the use of military courts in cases involving Palestinian children.
Oxfam Cymru has called for political leadership not only at Westminster but also in Wales, urging the next Welsh Government to take a firm stance on the issue.
The organisation is pressing for action to prevent devolved public funds from being directed towards companies linked to arms trade with Israel, and for increased pressure on the UK Government to reconsider its trade relationship.
Campaigners argue that Wales has a responsibility to use its devolved powers to uphold ethical standards, pointing to existing legislation that promotes long-term social and environmental responsibility.
They have also warned against weakening positions under political or economic pressure, insisting that human rights should remain central to policymaking.
The UK Government has yet to issue a formal response to the growing calls for action, as pressure continues to build over its position on trade and international law.